The influence of project-based learning models and creativity on critical thinking

Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Fauziyah Harahap; Ashar Ashairin

doi:10.17509/jik.v21i2.68989

Abstract

Project-based learning offers alternatives that can potentially improve students' critical thinking skills. This study examines the effect of project-based learning models and creativity on the critical thinking of students in ecosystem learning in class V SDN Kaloy Tamiang Hulu Aceh Tamiang. The quantitative research approach uses the quasi-experimental method and the two-path ANAVA test. Based on the hypothesis testing, it is known that there is an influence of the project-based learning model on critical thinking skills with the results of analysis of variants of learning outcomes of students who learn to use the project-based learning model and have high creativity and students who have low creativity. Furthermore, the results of the variant analysis, the interaction between the Project-Based Learning Model and students' creativity and critical thinking students, show that groups of students with high creativity get a higher critical thinking value than those with low creativity tested for truth. There is an interaction between the Project-Based Learning Model on the creativity of students and critical thinking skills, as evidenced by the graph of the model interaction based on the results of the calculation between the Project-Based Learning Model on the creativity of students and the critical thinking skills of students in Class V SD Kaloy Tamiang Hulu Aceh Tamiang.

Abstrak

Project-based learning menawarkan alternatif yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh model project-based learning dan kreativitas terhadap berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam pembelajaran Ekosistem di kelas V SDN Kaloy Tamiang Hulu Aceh Tamiang. Pendekatan penelitian yakni kuantitatif dengan metode quasi eksperimen dan menggunakan uji ANAVA dua jalur. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa terdapat pengaruh model project-based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan hasil analisis varian hasil belajar peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan model project-based learning dan memiliki kreativitas tinggi serta peserta didik yang memiliki kreativitas rendah. Selanjutnya hasil analisis varian, interaksi antara model project-based learning dan kreativitas peserta didik terhadap berpikir kritis peserta didik menunjukkan kelompok peserta didik yang memiliki kreativitas tinggi memperoleh nilai berpikir kritis lebih tinggi dari kelompok peserta didik dengan kreativitas rendah teruji kebenarannya. Terdapat interaksi antara model project-based learning terhadap kreativitas peserta didik dan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dibuktikan dengan grafik interaksi model berdasarkan hasil perhitungan antara model project-based learning terhadap kreativitas peserta didik dan kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri Kaloy Tamiang Hulu Aceh Tamiang.

Kata Kunci: berpikir kritis; kreativitas; pembelajaran berbasis proyek

Keywords:

creativity critical thinking project based learning

References

Almulla, M. A. (2020). The effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach as a way to engage students in learning. Sage Open, 10(3), 1–15.

Alsaleh, N. J. (2020). Teaching critical thinking skills: Literature review. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, 19(1), 21–39.

Amelia, N., & Aisya, N. (2021). Model pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) dan penerapannya pada anak usia dini di TK IT Al-Farabi. Buhuts Al Athfal: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Anak Usia Dini, 1(2), 181–199.

Aris, I. E., & Afina, F. (2022). Pengaruh penggunaan media diorama terhadap hasil belajar kognitif IPA materi siklus air pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri Kebanyakan Kota Serang. Jurnal Pelita Calistung, 3(1), 1–14.

Arwan, A., & Oya, A. (2023). Peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa SMA menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning. Bahtra: Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 4(1), 9–17.

Astuti, Y., Suyidno, S., Suryajaya, S., & Jamilah, N. (2024). Pengembangan e-modul pubertas untuk melatihkan literasi digital peserta didik Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. SEJ (Science Education Journal), 8(1), 1–18.

Balemen, N., & Keskin, M. Ö. (2018). The effectiveness of project-based learning on science education: A meta-analysis search. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 5(4), 849–865.

Barkah, T. (2024). Authentic assessment in intensive training (bootcamp) of higher education students as well as feedback on the learning experience process. Inovasi Kurikulum, 21(1), 267–286.

Cahya, E., & Juandi, D. (2021). Students' critical thinking skills in solving mathematical problems: A systematic procedure of grounded theory study. International Journal of Instruction, 14(4), 529–548.

Chen, C. H., & Yang, Y. C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71–81.

Chen, S. Y., Lai, C. F., Lai, Y. H., & Su, Y. S. (2022). Effect of project-based learning on development of students’ creative thinking. The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education, 59(3), 232–250.

Davidi, E. I. N., Sennen, E., & Supardi, K. (2021). Integrasi pendekatan STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematic) untuk peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 11(1), 11–22.

Eliyasni, R., Kenedi, A. K., & Sayer, I. M. (2019). Blended learning and project based learning: The method to improve students’ Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). Jurnal Iqra': Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(2), 231–248.

Fahrezi, I., & Taufiq, M. (2020). Meta-analisis pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Profesi Guru, 3(3), 408–415.

Fatmawati, E. (2023). Meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar IPA dengan penerapan model pembelajaran inovatif Project Based Learning (PjBL). Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Psikologi (JIPP), 1(1), 20–27.

Gopalan, M., Rosinger, K., & Ahn, J. B. (2020). Use of quasi-experimental research designs in education research: Growth, promise, and challenges. Review of Research in Education, 44(1), 218–243.

Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101118.

Inayah, A. D., Ristanto, R. H., Sigit, D. V., & Miarsyah, M. (2020). Analysis of science process skills in senior high school students. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(4), 15–22.

Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The key characteristics of project-based learning: How teachers implement projects in K-12 science education. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 4(1), 1–17.

Miari, M., Anan, M. T., & Zeina, M. B. (2022). Neutrosophic two way ANOVA. International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, 18(3), 73–83.

Misidawati, D. N., & Sundari, P. (2021). Penerapan model PBL dalam mata kuliah teori pengambilan keputusan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Jurnal Educatio FKIP Unma, 7(3), 922–928.

Mora, H., Signes-Pont, M. T., Fuster-Guilló, A., & Pertegal-Felices, M. L. (2020). A collaborative working model for enhancing the learning process of science and engineering students. Computers in Human Behavior, 103, 140–150.

Munar, A., Hibana, H., & Surahman, S. (2021). Implementasi model pembelajaran sentra bahan alam untuk meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia 4-5 tahun. Jurnal PG-PAUD Trunojoyo: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini, 8(2), 1–9.

Mustika, D., & Ain, S. Q. (2020). Peningkatan kreativitas mahasiswa menggunakan model project based learning dalam pembuatan media IPA berbentuk pop up book. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(4), 67–75.

Noviyanto, W. Y., & Wardani, N. S. (2020). Meta analisis pengaruh pendekatan discovery learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V tematik muatan IPA. Thinking Skills and Creativity Journal, 3(1), 1–7.

Owens, D. C., Sadler, T. D., Barlow, A. T., & Smith-Walters, C. (2020). Student motivation from and resistance to active learning rooted in essential science practices. Research in Science Education, 50, 253–277.

Permatasari, A., Kurniawan, A., Safitri, D. A., & Amalia Nur, R. (2021). Inovasi strategi pendidikan dalam pengembangan kurikulum satuan pendidikan. JIRA: Jurnal Inovasi dan Riset Akademik, 2(9), 74–86.

Putri, M. A., & Sukenti, D. (2023). Penerapan model Project Basic Learning (PjBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa pada menulis teks puisi di SMA N 2 Tapung Hilir. Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra, 9(1), 720–728.

Riskayanti, Y. (2021). Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis, komunikasi, kolaborasi dan kreativitas melalui model pembelajaran project based learning di SMA Negeri 1 Seteluk. Secondary: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Menengah, 1(2), 19–26.

Rusmini, R., Suyono, S., & Agustini, R. (2021). Analysis of science process skills of chemical education students through Self Project Based Learning (SjBL) in the pandemic COVID 19 era. JOTSE: Journal of Technology and Science Education, 11(2), 371–387.

Santika, I. G. N., Suastra, I. W., & Arnyana, I. B. P. (2022). Membentuk karakter peduli lingkungan pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui pembelajaran IPA. Jurnal Education and Development, 10(1), 207–212.

Somayana, W. (2020). Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui metode pakem. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 1(3), 283–294.

Susilawati, E., Agustinasari, A., Samsudin, A., & Siahaan, P. (2020). Analisis tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi, 6(1), 11–16.

Syawalia, D., Putri, A. F. S., Fahmi, R. R., & Saputra, D. (2024). Application of project-based learning method in Entrepreneurship Education (PKWU) subjects of Labschool UPI. Curricula: Journal of Curriculum Development, 3(1), 81–94.

Wardana, A., & Nurfuadi, N. (2023). Pembentukan kreativitas peserta didik menggunakan metode bermain peran di SD Alam Perwira Purbalingga. Journal on Education, 6(1), 14–27.

Warsah, I., Morganna, R., Uyun, M., Afandi, M., & Hamengkubuwono, H. (2021). The impact of collaborative learning on learners’ critical thinking skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 443–460.

Yuliansyah, A., & Ayu, M. (2021). The implementation of project-based assignment in online learning during COVID-19. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 2(1), 32–38.

Yustina, Y., Syafii, W., & Vebrianto, R. (2020). The effects of blended learning and project-based learning on pre-service Biology teachers creative thinking through online learning in the COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(3), 408–420.