Developing student worksheets (LKPD) based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to improve students' learning outcomes

Nurhabibah Meha; Dian Armanto; Adi Sutopo

doi:10.17509/jik.v22i2.72550

Abstract

Teaching materials are one of the important factors that influence the effectiveness of the learning process. This study aims to develop student worksheets (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik or LKPD) based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) that are feasible, practical, and effective. The study was conducted at SDN 105278 Tandam Hilir II. The study subjects were 22 4th-grade students. The research method employed was development research, utilizing the ADDIE development model. The research instruments were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The study's results showed that, according to the validator's validity test, the percentage of feasibility among material experts, language experts, and design experts was considered very valid. The results of the small group trial produced a percentage of very criteria. The percentage of practicality in the field test results was included as a key criterion for evaluation. Effectiveness was achieved at the field trial stage, with 22 students passing the post-test, ensuring that the gain score met the criteria for moderate effectiveness. Based on empirical observations that showed an increase in learning outcomes. This means that Student Worksheets based on PBL learning are effectively utilized in the mathematics learning process, resulting in a positive impact on student learning outcomes in grade IV of SDN 105278 Tandam Hilir II.

Abstrak

Bahan ajar merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi efektivitas proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) yang layak, praktis dan efektif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SDN 105278 Tandam Hilir II. Subjek penelitian kelas IV berjumlah 22 orang peserta didik. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Adapun Instrumen penelitian yaitu observasi, wawancara, angket dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari hasil uji validitas oleh validator persentase kelayakan ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli desain dinilai sangat valid. Hasil uji coba kelompok kecil menghasilkan persentase kriteria sangat. Persentase kepraktisan hasil uji lapangan termasuk ke dalam kriteria sangat praktis. Efektivitas dicapai pada tahap uji coba lapangan dengan 22 peserta didik (100 persen) lulus post-test sehingga skor gain memenuhi kriteria efektivitas sedang. Berdasarkan observasi empiris yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar. Artinya Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis pembelajaran PBL efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika sehingga berdampak pada hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas IV SDN 105278 Tandam Hilir II.

Kata Kunci: hasil belajar; lembar kerja peserta didik; LKPD; model PBL; pembelajaran berbasis masalah

Keywords:

learning outcomes LKPD PBL model problem-based learning student worksheets

References

Anisa, A., & Siregar, N. (2024). Pengembangan LKPD berbasis berpikir kritis pada mata pelajaran IPA materi fotosintesis di MI/SD. Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(3), 3669-3682.

Anita, A., Agustina, R., & ES, Y. R. (2022). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis inkuiri terbimbing berbantu alat peraga pada materi peluang. Emteka: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 3(1), 98-108.

Azizah, C., Arwin, S., & Pargito. (2022). The development of problem-based learning LKPD to improve students’ critical thinking ability in the fifth grade of primary school. International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education, 4(1), 65-74.

Becerra-Posada, T., García-Montes, P., Sagre-Barbosa, A., Carcamo-Espitia, M. I., & Herazo-Rivera, J. D. (2022). Project-based learning: The promotion of communicative competence and self-confidence at a State High School in Colombia. How, 29(2), 13-31.

Chew, S. L., & Cerbin, W. J. (2021). The cognitive challenges of effective teaching. The Journal of Economic Education, 52(1), 17-40.

Fathin, A. Z., Gunawan, G., Untarti, R., Kusuma, J. W., & Sugiastuti, S. (2023). Efforts to improve critical thinking skills and interest in learning mathematics using the integrated number head-together problem-based learning model. International Journal of Economy, Education and Entrepreneurship (IJE3), 3(3), 702-713.

Fatih, M., & Alfi, C. (2023). Pengembangan buku praktikum IPA materi gaya untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan kemandirian siswa sekolah dasar. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(2), 1008-1015.

Febrianingsih, F. (2022). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematis. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 119-130.

Gala, A., Hafid, A., & Sudirman. (2021). Analisis kesulitan guru dalam merancang pembelajaran tematik di kelas tinggi SDN 71 Maccini Kabupaten Soppeng. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kependidikan, 5(3), 407-415.

Hake, R. R. (1998). Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses. American Journal of Physics, 66(1), 64-74.

Herlina, S., Suripah, S., Istikomah, E., Yolanda, F., Rezeki, S., Amelia, S., & Widiati, I. (2021). Pelatihan desain LKPD dalam pembelajaran matematika terintegrasi karakter positif bagi guru-guru sekolah menengah/madrasah di Pekanbaru. Community Education Engagement Journal, 2(2), 27-34.

Husna, N. H., Marzal, J., & Yantoro, Y. (2022). Pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis problem based learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Aksioma: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 11(3), 2085-2095.

Ismawati, I. (2020). Peningkatan hasil belajar pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu pada muatan bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe make a match di Kelas IV SDN 3/IX Senaung. Jurnal Literasiologi, 3(2), 14-27.

Karina, N., & Yani, M. (2020). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning pada materi geometri di SMP/MTs. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika Al Qalasadi, 4(2), 142-150.

Khaira, H. S., Al Hafizh, M. F., Darmansyah, P. S. A., Nugraha, H., & Komara, D. A. (2023). Analysis of needs and teachers' perception towards business teaching materials at SMA Labschool UPI. Curricula: Journal of Curriculum Development, 2(2), 299-314.

Khoiriah, U., & Suryani, I. (2023). Pengembangan LKPD berbasis problem based learning pada materi bangun ruang kelas V SD. Journal on Education, 6(1), 2767-2782.

Khotimah, K., & Aini, K. (2022). Pengembangan LKPD berbasis Problem-Based Learning (PBL) untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Indiktika : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika, 5(1), 90-99.

Langitasari, I., Rogayah, T., & Solfarina, S. (2021). Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada topik struktur atom: Keaktifan, kreativitas dan prestasi belajar siswa. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 15(2), 2813-2823.

Larosa, F. S. (2023). Pengembangan LKPD berbasis inkuiri pada peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Jurnal Muara Pendidikan, 8(1), 17-24.

Larosa, F. S., Asmin, A., & Lubis, W. (2024) Development of learning videos through the problem-based learning model to improve learning outcomes and creativity of Grade V students. Inovasi Kurikulum, 21(2), 849-868.

Ma’wa, M. K., & Gunansyah, G. (2024). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis ekoliterasi pada materi permasalahan lingkungan kelas V sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 12(4), 581-594.

Magdalena, I., Islami, N. F., Rasid, E. A., & Diasty, N. T. (2020). Tiga ranah taksonomi Bloom dalam pendidikan. Edisi, 2(1), 132-139.

Maharani, L. A., & Waluya, S. B. (2024). Systematic literature review: Implementation of a problem-based learning model with ethnomathematics nuances in improving students' mathematical problem solving ability. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 1(2), 1-13.

Ma'wa, A., Hapipi, H., Turmuzi, M., & Azmi, S. (2021). Pengembangan LKPD berbasis PBL untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Griya Journal of Mathematics Education and Application, 1(4), 631-640.

Meidita, A. C., & Susilowibowo, J. (2021). Pengembangan bahan ajar e-book berbasis flipbook sebagai pendukung pembelajaran administrasi pajak dengan kompetensi dasar PPh pasal 21. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(5), 2217-2231.

Mishra, N. R. (2023). Constructivist approach to learning: An analysis of pedagogical models of social constructivist learning theory. Journal of Research and Development, 6(1), 22-29.

Muis, A., & Dewi, L. (2021). Day care management course design based on OBE and PjBL for teacher education of early childhood education program. Inovasi Kurikulum, 18(2), 128-140.

Muthma'innah, M. (2023). Analisis kesulitan belajar matematika pada materi operasi hitung bilangan bulat siswa kelas IV. Jurnal Ilmiah Ibtida; Jurnal Prodi PGMI STIT Pemalang, 4(2), 1-16.

Nisa, C., & Fatmahanik, U. (2023, July). Development of problem-based learning lkpd to improve critical thinking ability. Annual International Conference on Islamic Education for Students, 2(1), 145-155.

Novriani, N., Kesumawati, N., & Kuswidyanarko, A. (2021). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Matematika berbasis problem based learning pada kelas V SD. Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, 2(1), 53-69.

Nurfaridah, D., Aminy, F. A., & Hanifunni, F. F. (2019). Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui pembelajaran induktif. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 1(1), 1-14.

Nurofik, A., Yuliana, S., Yanuardi, A., & Nini, N. (2022). Validitas buku pengantar teknologi informasi di area SMK PPN Padang. Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality, 11(2), 835-842.

Puangpunsi, N. (2021). Learners’ perception towards project-based learning in encouraging English skills performance and 21st century skills. Thaitesol Journal, 34(1), 1-24.

Rafiq, A. A., Triyono, M. B., & Djatmiko, I. W. (2023). The integration of inquiry and problem-based learning and its impact on increasing the vocational student involvement. International Journal of Instruction, 16(1), 659-684.

Rahayu, S., Harjono, A., & Gunawan. (2019). Pengembangan bahan ajar untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah strategi pembelajaran. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Fisika Indonesia, 1(1), 26-30.

Rosyiddin, A. A. Z., Fiqih, A., Hadiapurwa, A., Nugraha, H., & Komara, D. A. (2023). The effect of interactive PowerPoint media design on student learning interests. Edcomtech: Jurnal Kajian Teknologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 12-24.

Sari, Y. I., Utomo, D. H., & Astina, I. K. (2021). The effect of problem based learning on problem solving and scientific writing skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 11-26.

Septian, R., Irianto, S., & Andriani, A. (2019). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Matematika berbasis model realistic Mathematics education. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 5(1), 59-67.

Swiyadnya, I. M. G., Wibawa, I. M. C., & Sudiandika, I. K. A. (2021). Efektivitas model problem based learning berbantuan LKPD terhadap hasil belajar muatan pelajaran IPA. Mimbar PGSD Undiksha, 9(2), 203-210.

Thomassen, A. O., & Jørgensen, K. M. (2021). John Dewey and continuing management education: Problem-based learning for organizational sustainability. Journal of Workplace Learning, 33(3), 229-242.

Umardianti, U., Bistari, & Halidjah, S. (2021). Pengembangan LKPD matematika berbasis strategi problem based learning materi bilangan bulat negatif kelas VI. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 10(4), 1-11.

Umbara, U., Prabawanto, S., & Jatisunda, M. G. (2023). Combination of mathematical literacy with ethnomathematics: How to perspective sundanese culture. Infinity Journal, 12(2), 393-414.

Wahyuni, P., & Suasti, Y. (2024). Development of problem-based learning LKPD to improve student understanding. International Journal of Educational Dynamics, 6(2), 460-465.

Wahyuni, S. (2022). Penerapan model problem based learning berbantuan video animasi untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik. Postulat: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika, 3(2), 151-165.

Widiarti, N. K., Sudarma, I. K., & Tegeh, I. M. (2021). Meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika kelas V SD melalui media video pembelajaran. Jurnal Edutech Undiksha, 9(2), 195-205.

Widiastuti, I. A. M. S., Mantra, I. B. N., Utami, I. L. P., Sukanadi, N. L., & Susrawan, I. N. A. (2023). Implementing problem-based learning to develop students' critical and creative thinking skills. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 12(4), 658-667.